Early detection of prostate cancer relies mainly on a simple blood test known as the PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test, along with a clinical exam by a specialist. Understanding these tests helps men make informed decisions about their health.
What Is the PSA Test?
It's a simple blood test that measures the level of a protein produced by prostate cells. An elevated PSA level doesn't necessarily mean cancer — it can also result from benign prostate enlargement or inflammation — but it is a signal that warrants further evaluation to determine the cause.
The Digital Rectal Exam
In this exam, the doctor manually checks the prostate for any lumps or changes in shape or texture. It's a quick procedure often used together with the PSA test to improve diagnostic accuracy.
When Should Screening Begin?
Men are generally advised to start discussing routine screening with a urologist at age 50, or at age 40 if there is a family history of prostate cancer or other risk factors that increase susceptibility.
Understanding Your Results and Next Steps
If results show an elevated PSA level or changes on clinical exam, the doctor may recommend further tests such as an MRI or a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Most importantly, don't panic early — discuss the results with a specialist to determine the right next steps for your situation.